19 January 2023 Fourth Circuit holds ACA's shared responsibility payment qualifies as an income, not excise, tax In United States v. Fabio Alicea, et ux., the Fourth Circuit has reversed a district court to hold that the shared responsibility payment required under the Affordable Care Act (ACA) qualifies as a tax measured by income, not an excise tax entitled to priority in a bankruptcy proceeding. Document ID: 2023-0129 |